BSc.(H) Zoology

Part III (Third Year)

Paper V : Physiology and Physiological Chemistry Paper VI : Cell Biology Paper VII : Evolution and Genetics Paper VIII : Applied Zoology                   (a) Medical Zoology                   (b) Applied Entomology                   (c) Aquaculture                   (d) Reproductive Biology and Human Welfare Practical Exercises related to Papers V - VIII.

 PRACTICAL EXERCISES RELATING T0 PAPERS V-VIII

Physiology and Physiological Chemistry:
Experiments to show diffusion and dialysis. Effects of isotonic, hypotonic and hypertonic solutions on ery throcytes.
Study of haemolysis-haemolytic effects of acid and alkali. Enumeration of red blood corpuscles using the haemocytometer.
Estimation of haemoglobin mammalian blood Total and differential count of white blood corpuscles. Preparation of haemin and haemochromogen crystals. Coagulation of blood. Colour reactions and general tests for the identification of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins. Study of reflex action and reflex time in the frog.Study of the action of salivary amylase and of pepsin, trypsin and pancreatic lipase from tissue extracts. Effects of PH. temperature and inhibitor on the enzymatic activity of salivary amylase. Recording simple muscle twitch with mechanical, thermal and
chemical stimulation of the gastrocnemius muecle-sciatic nerve preparation of frog.

Study in vitro of biological oxidation using tissue extracts and methylene blue.Perfusion of the excisted frog heart.
Recording of the frog's heart beat in, situ and with the perfused heart. Demonstration of the effect of acetylcholine/atropine/epinephrine on the heart beat. Measurement of dissolved oxygon content in water by Winkler's method. Dissection of the endocrine glands in rat Study of sections of pituitary, thyroid, adrenal, pancreas, tests and ovary from prepared slides

Cell Biology:
Mitosis: Onion root-tip: permanent squash preparations
Meiosis: Grasshopper testis temporary and permanent squash preparations.
Salivary gland chromosomes of Drosophila and Chironomus temporary and permanent squash preparations. Cytochemical Staining to demonstrate nucleic acids, proteins and mucopolysuccharldes- Sex-chromatin demonstration Study of the prepared slides showing the following: Auto- somes and Sex-chromosomes or a Grasshopper & Mammal.

Genetics:
Construction of a familial pedigree utilizing inheritance pattern of a single characler (dry lab.)
Probability exercises in Genetics (dry lab)

Microtomy:

(A) Medical Zoology: (Practcals)
Preparation of blood film: examination of blood parasites: Trypanosoma and Plasmodium.
Preparation of permanent stained mounts of rectal ciliates of frog.
Study of permanent slides and specimens of parasitic protozoans. helminths and arthropoda mentioned in the theory syllabus. Anopheles: dissection of female adult mosquitoes for sporozites and oocyles. Collection of helminth parasites from vertebrates; their preservation and staining.Staining of bacteria.Study of slides showing hisiopathological changes in liver and Kidney in respect of cirrtrosis and nephrosis respectively.Analysis of blood Groups: A, B, 0 and Rh Pathological examination of sputum, blood, urine and stool. Blood: Erythrocyte  sedimentation rate (ESR); Haematocrit; bleeding time; coagulation time; prothrombin time. Experimental induction of diabetes in rat. Quantitative estimation of blood glucose. Colorimeteric estimation haemoglobin R. B. C., W. B. C. counts. Medicotegal tests for blood: Benzidine test, precipitin test and complement fixation test.

(B) Applied Entomology (Practicals)
Collection and preservation of insects. Classification of insects Upto orders. Identification and life history of economically important insects listed in the syllabus for Theory. Study of damage caused by insects.Rearing and culture of any one insect of economic importance. Bioassay of any one insecticide using mosquito larvae and adults of house fly/a stored grain pest. Acquintance with insecticide dusting and spraying equipment and its working Acquintance with Bee culture techniques,

(C)Aquaculture :

1. Identification of following aquacutture animals catla, catla, Labeo rohita, Labeo Calbasu, Cirrhina mrigala, Cirrhina reba, Cypiinua carpio. Ctenopharyngodon idella, Hypolhalmichthys molitrix, Osphonemus goramy, Ophicephalus sp. Notoperus sp. Pangassius sp., Heteropneustes fossilis.Clariasbatrachus Wallago attu, Mystus sp. Chanos chanos, Mugil sp. Lates Lales calcarifer, Tilapic mossambica, Mytilus, Oyster, Pearl oyster, Scylla serrata, Macrobrachium sp. Penaeus indicu, Peneus monodon, Matapenaeus monoceros, Panulirus sp. Artemia sp.
2 Study of maturity stages, estimation of fecundity in Hypneustes fossilis, Labeo rohita, Catla catla by volumentry method..
3. Demonstration of artificial induction of spawning with fish pituitary extract.
4. Demonstration of preparation and maintenance of display aquaria.
5. Physico-chemical analyses of the following parameters from aquaculturc ponds; temperature. PH., dissolved oxygen, free carbon dioxide, alkalinity and hardness,
6. Identification of the following specimens of phytoplankton, zooplankton and aquatic nsects :

7. Identification of the following aquatic macrophytes : Eichornia, Pistia, Hydrilla, otamogeton, Nymphyaca, Nelumbium, Ceratophyllum, Typha, Phragmites.
8. Laboratory culture and maintenance of Cyclops and Daphnia.
9. Film shows and visit to Shahdara Fish Farm to acquaint students with aquacultural practices.

(D) Reproductive Biology and Human Welfare

1. Study of vaginal smears of human menstrual cycle arestrous cycle from prepared slides.
2. Examination of vaginal smears from rat.
3. Study of the histological sections of the female reproductive tract from prepared slides in rat and human.
4. Examination of foetus, palcents and resorbed sites from the pregnant rat.
5. Ovariectomy castration, vasectomy hysterectomy in rat.
6. Demonstration of the techique for hormonal implants.
7. Study of histotogical sections of male reproductive tract and accessory glands in rat and human
8 Parameters of male fertility in rat :
(a) Detection of fructose in the male accessary glands.
(b) Sperm motility in different regions of male reproductive tract,
(c) Sperm counts in different regions of epididymis.
9. Field work
(a) Techiques of cata collection in demography at centres of family welfare
(b) Demonstration of various contraceptives and surgical techniques at family welfare clinics and National Institutes of Family Welfare in and neighbourhood of Delhi.
(c) Demonstration of techniques of preservation of semen, and artificial insemination at suitable centres
1. calcarifer, Tilapia mossambica. Mytilus, Oyster, Pearl oyster. Scylla serrata, Macrobrachium sp. Penaeus indicus, Penaeus monodon. Matapenaeus monoceros, Panu- lirus sp. Artemia sp ,
2 Study of maturity stages. Estimation of Fecundity in Heteropneuistes fossilis. Labeo rohita Catla catla by volumetric method
3 Demonstration of artificial induction of spowning with fish pituitary extract
4. Demonstration of preparation and maintenance of display aquaria.